Leadership Analysis “Twelve Angry Men” free essay sample

The movie â€Å"Twelve Angry Men† is about twelve male jurors, brought together in a deliberation room to decide whether a boy is guilty of killing his father. The deliberation starts with an 11-1 vote for guilty. As the movie progresses, the one man who had a reasonable doubt about the guilt or innocent of the young boy, convinces the other members of the jury to question the facts presented. This paper examines the application of leadership concepts in the characters of each juror. Throughout the movie several leaders evolved, the main one being Juror #8, the man who stood alone from the get go with a not-guilty verdict. There may be varying perspectives on the theories of leadership evident in the movie, but the underlying principle is the same: A leader is someone who moves a group of people toward a common goal by means of social influence. Henry Fonda (Juror #8) illustrates important principles of leadership and influence in which the right person can lead group members to achieve a common goal, yet go through positive individual changes. Leaders are defined by two separate characteristics; those who are appointed as the leader and those with no special title that emerge as influential. According to Peter G. Northouse in his book, Leadership: Theory and Practice†, leadership is a process whereby an individual influences a group of individuals to achieve a common goal. It also states that â€Å"Influence is the sine qua non of leadership; without influence, leadership does not exist† (3). Leadership is influence and Juror #8 is a perfect example. He was able to influence his fellow jurors to see as he saw and change the vote to not guilty even though it was a long and arduous process. In the movie, Juror #8 portrays a character that gains respect by others for emerging as a leader. He takes pride in the fact that he believes different than the other jurors, and does not let the fact that he is the â€Å"minority† inhibit him from trying to change the opinions of the other jurors. The movie opens with the jurors casting guilty votes to determine a thoughtless verdict. All eleven jurors, except one (Juror #8) voted guilty. As a viewer watching this movie, you have to give the character consideration since he decided to go against the norm and vote not guilty. This is a deviant trait, however, this deviant trait leads into an emerging leadership that the other characters respect. As a leader, Juror #8 stands out for various reasons. One of the most prominent is at the beginning of the movie. He begins to display task-oriented approach by offering up a new idea to the group. In this case, it was the idea of the boy being not guilty. Although the men were upset with him, the thought had crossed their mind long enough to realize he may be right. By offering up his opinion and a new suggestion, he opened the door for the other jurors. This then creates new options and processes for the group to explore. However, this also created tension and power struggles. Juror #8’s point was that he had no substantial evidence to prove that he knew the boy was not guilty, but he had enough doubt to make the claim. For example, juror #8 is constantly ridiculed by the smaller minded of the jurors: the bigot or the sports fan. Others, however, are more open-minded and are curious to hear what he has to say. The old man (Juror #9) displayed a supportive style. For example, the old man sitting next to Fonda seemed to be the most intrigued by Fonda, simply because he had the courage to be different. In the beginning, certain traits, such as his aggressiveness or persuasiveness, may have identified juror #8 as a leader. However, he begins to emerge as the leader by elaborating on what every juror was trying to say or making suggestions to keep the group focused. Toward the middle of the movie, he had persuaded almost half of the jury to vote not guilty. They even started to go up to him and ask him what he really thought about the case. All he could say was all of it could have â€Å"possibly† not happened. This holds that attaining appropriate leadership behaviors depends on the situation. He conveyed the appropriate attitudes and patience to go along with the readiness level of the other jurors to switch their votes. Juror #8 was also a good listener and this could have also earned him so much respect. For example, he really tried to understand the supported evidence that the stockbroker had to offer. Henry Fonda emerged as a very successful leader because he showed value in others, empathy, seriousness and integrity. For example, he votes not guilty and shows empathy not because he is sure of the boys innocence, but because he wishes to talk about the serious case without emotionally pre-judging the eighteen-year old boy because he saw value in others and life. He shows empathy because in scenes he asks the jurors to imagine themselves in the boy’s shoes awaiting death sentence, physical abuse and torment by father, growing up in the slums etc. He only asks that each member look deep within them, and be as honest with them selves as possible. Another quality is that of trust. He trusts that the team members will make the right vote. He emerged into a leadership position, all because of the respect he earned by others. They learned a lot from him, as others watching this movie surely did. Leadership is rooted in character. Transactional leadership is a two-way social exchange in which there is reciprocal and mutual influence between a leader and the group. Juror # 8 demonstrates transactional leadership traits such as setting clear group goals and assisting group members in achieving those goals. He leads the jury that is ready to convict through a series of stages in which groups ready to acquit or convict, and those undecided-develop and then disintegrate. As a majority to acquit develops (the vote to acquit or convict must be unanimous). We see the group dynamics shift until Juror #8’s lone voice is joined by 10 others. Psychodynamic theory is present in the scene in which the motivation behind the single-handed holdouts passion to convict becomes apparent. He has displaced his anger towards his estranged son onto the defendant, a no good, ungrateful kid like his son. Each character presents themselves in a different manner. To gain a deeper understanding of each man, we have listed them, and a few specific characteristics that stood out: Juror #1 (The Foreman): (Martin Balsam) A high-school assistant head coach, concerned about keeping the proceedings formal and maintain authority; easily frustrated and sensitive when someone objects to his control. (Dirks) Juror #2: (John Fiedler) A wimpy, balding bank clerk/teller, easily persuaded, meek, hesitant, goes along with the majority. (Dirks) Juror #3: (Lee J. Cobb) bullying, rude and husky man, extremely opinionated and biased, completely intolerant, forceful and loud-mouthed, temperamental and  vengeful; estrangement from his own teenaged son causes him to be hateful and hostile toward all young people. (Dirks) Juror #4: (E. G. Marshall). Well-educated, well-dressed stockbroker, presumably wealthy; studious, possesses an incredible recall and grasp of the facts of the case; cool-headed and rational, yet stuffy and prim; treats the case like a puzzle to be solved rather than as a case that may send the defendant to death. (Dirks) Juror #5: (Jack Klugman) Naive, insecure, frightened, reserved; has a slum-dwelling upbringing that the case resurrects in his mind; a guilty vote would distance him from his past. A typical working man, experiences difficulty in making up his own mind, a follower; respectful of older juror and willing to back up his words with fists. (Dirks) Juror #7: (Jack Warden) Clownish, impatient salesman, a flashy dresser, gum-chewing, obsessed baseball fan who wants to leave as soon as possible to attend evening game; extroverted; votes with the majority. (Dirks) Juror #8: (Henry Fonda) An architect, liberal-minded, patient truth-and-justice seeker; balanced, decent, courageous, well spoken and concerned. (Dirks) Juror #9: (Joseph Sweeney) Eldest man in group, white-haired, thin, retired. A garage owner, who simmers with anger, bitterness, racism; nasty, intolerant; needs the support of others to reinforce his angry outbursts. (Dirks) Juror #11: (George Voskovec) A watchmaker, speaks with a heavy accent, a recent refugee and immigrant; expresses reverence and respect for American democracy, its system of justice, and the infallibility of the Law. (Dirks) Juror #12: (Robert Webber) Well-dressed, easily swayed, smooth-talking business ad man with thick black glasses; uses advertising talk at one point: run this idea up the flagpole and see if anybody salutes it. Juror   is a high school football coach; his position in the jury room is a foreman. If it were not for Juror #1, there would not have been any order in the jury room. He acts as a mediator for all of the arguments that went on in the jury room. He controls and leads every discussion, speaking order, voting, and demonstration. He takes on the leading role and handles it well. He also brings organization into the jury room by organizing the jurors, the discussions, and the votes. With the leadership traits that Juror #1 brings into the jury room, he allows the trial to run smoothly and effectively. He keeps jurors on task and centered on the focus of arriving at either a guilty or not-guilty verdict. He emerged at the very beginning as a natural leader, because he stepped up to being the foreman, or the one who ran the deliberation. Juror #5 was very timid and passive. In the jury room, he acts with respect because he is very unsure about the case, and really does not know how he feels about things. So when it is his turn to talk he passes to hear the others before he makes the wrong assumption. With these actions he shows a lot of respect for not only the boy on trial, but also to the other jurors. However he seemed as if he needed someone to emerge as a leader for him to follow. He did not seem as if he was very confident in his own thoughts. Juror #6 is a salesman, who is impatient, opinionated, and rude. He shows little respect for anyone but himself. He shows that he is very impatient by not even thinking about the trial but rather the baseball tickets that he has for that night’s game. He just wants to get out of there as soon as he can. It was not until after he was sure the game was over, that he began to show any interest in the case. He is very opinionated and that definitely stands out in the jury room. He does not care what anyone has to say. He has his own beliefs and does not care or want to hear anyone else’s views. He is also known to be rude, because he shows no compassion or thought towards the boy on trial and he just wants to get it over with. He does not even stop to think that someone’s life is on the line, he is too concerned about his own. There were several leadership styles or approaches that were evident in specific jurors. Juror #1 appeared to be a natural leader. As described earlier, he took the initiative to get things in order, and keep the deliberation on task. According the book â€Å"Leadership: Theory and Practice,† there are five major leadership traits: intelligence, self-confidence, determination, integrity, sociability. The first, intelligence, does not insinuate that one must be book smart. â€Å"Intelligence is having strong verbal ability, perceptual ability, and reasoning†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (19). Your IQ does not necessarily reflect an effective leader. The second trait, self-confidence, â€Å"†¦is the ability to be certain about one’s competencies and skill. † (19) Juror #1 most definitely exhibits self-confidence. He does not hesitate to step up as the foreman, which is essentially the leader of the group. The third trait, determination is defined as having the desire to get the job done and includes characteristics such as initiative, persistence, dominance, and drive. All of these were displayed by juror #1, which helped them from declaring the case a miss-trail because a unanimous vote could not be reached. The other jurors were ready to end the fight, but juror #1 kept pushing them and eventually it paid off. The forth trait, integrity, is the quality of honesty and trustworthiness. This was the least displayed trait of all. However it was evident that the other jurors were comfortable with this juror being the foreman. The fifth and final trait, sociability, is the ability to seek out pleasant social relationships. Within the context of the movie, there were not many pleasant conversations. The conversations usually included jurors yelling at one another. Juror #1 did try to keep the arguments to a minimum, however, with 12 different viewpoints, there is bound to be an argument. The Psychodynamic Approach seemed to be the choice for juror #2. The Psychodynamic approach states that leaders are more effective when they have insight into their own psychological makeup (235). Juror seemed to think that it was nearly impossible for the boy to forget the movie he was supposedly at during the time his father was murdered. Juror #8 began to ask juror #2 when he went to the movie last, and what movie he had seen, and who had played in it. Juror #2 began to realize that he could not remember either, and he was not even under any emotional stress. After he realized it was possible to forget the movie, and who played in it, it raised a reasonable doubt in his own mind. We felt that Juror #6 displayed a Style Approach to leadership, particularly an Authority Compliance style. According to Blake and Mouton’s Managerial Grid, Juror #6 is very results driven. This was very evident in the fact that he simply wanted to find the boy guilty because he had baseball tickets for that night. He showed no concern for the other members’ opinions or the fact that he would be sentencing a boy to death. The authority compliance style is described as being task oriented and showing little or no concern for people. Juror #6 definitely exhibits this behavior. On the other hand Juror #8 displayed a Transformational Leadership style. He was very compassionate, and showed high regard for others as stated earlier. Northouse describes it as: â€Å"Transformational leadership is a process that changes and transforms individuals. It is concerned with emotions, values, ethics, standards, and long-term goals, and includes assessing followers’ motives, satisfying their needs, and treating them as full human beings. Transformational leadership involves an exceptional form of influence that moves followers to accomplish more than what is usually expected of them. † (169) Juror #8 certainly displayed all the characteristics of transformational leadership. He was concerned about changing the opinions of the other jurors, and to raise a reasonable doubt in their minds to the guilt or innocence of the boy. He not only had to convince them he should be found not guilty, but also that what he was saying was true. He knew his facts and was able to present them in a way that related to each juror. He was confident in himself, and able to convey that to the others. He emerged as not only a transformational leader but as a natural leader. He was able to motivate his followers, or at the beginning his opponents to think and look deeper into their minds. The jurors had a huge decision to make, whether or not a boy would live or die based upon the findings presented by the prosecution. The jurors would have to live with their decision for the rest of their lives, a decision no one should take lightly. In all decisions, individuals should act ethically. Many however do not. The jurors took a very carefree approach in the beginning hoping to make the decision quickly and leave. They did not want to put forth any extra effort in making this decision. They thought they knew all they needed to know. When facts began to present in the jury room, many had forgotten very important ones. Even after these â€Å"new† facts were presented they still wanted to quickly decide. It took a long time, but a decision was made, not-guilty, one, which I think all the jurors would be able to live with. Many times several different leadership styles and approaches are frowned upon, however the differences could prove to be beneficial as they did in this situation. When you present your point of view, regardless of the initial support, you will be heard, and you may just be the voice another person needs to hear to speak out against the majority. Being the minority is not easy, but you must exert the confidence and determination and be bold.

Economics Report Uberx Deloitte Australia -Myassignmnehelp.COm

Question: Discuss About The Economics Report Uberx Deloitte Australia? Answer: Introduction As the smartphone technology is advancing every day, people have become very much dependent on their phones for every small thing in life. The ios and android technologies have been compelling people to use them for almost all type of regular activities, such as, grocery shopping to ride sharing. There are many companies in the transport marketing that connect with the customers through apps and have launched services like booking a cab or sharing rides with others. These are all professional services, where professional drivers with their own car register and provide the service for the entire day. Uber is the biggest example in this case, followed by Ola and Taxify in Australia (roymorgan.com., 2017). Lets Go Share is the new business venture, which follows the idea of ride sharing, similar to Uber and other companies, with a slight twist in the tale. This business venture is not for professional drivers. It allows only those people, who travel to their offices by their own car, to offer the unfilled spaces to others, who are travelling in the same route for a minimal charge of only $5. The idea has many aspects, such as, it is beneficial for the person, who is taking his car to the office. He can earn some extra money by offering the unfilled seats of his car to others. This is not a fulltime job similar to Uber and Ola. Rather, people would do it by choice and it will also provide them flexibility about how many seats they want to offer. On the other hand, the people, who are compelled to take public transport and face huge difficulties due to lack of seats, uncomfortable travel condition etc., can avail the opportunity to travel comfortably in a car by paying almost same amount of money as in public transport. Apart from that, there is some sustainability benefit attached to this business idea. As the general level of income is increasing regularly, number of people purchasing cars is increasing rapidly. If the number of car users keeps on increasing at a regular interval, then the level of pollution will increase due to more carbon emission. That will affect the environment negatively. Thus, this business venture will be beneficial for both the driver and passengers as well as for the environment also. Hence, it can be said that Lets Go Share is a new age business idea that focuses on the mutual benefits of the drivers as well as passengers along with a focus on sustainability. Supporting evidence Ride sharing is a booming business in Australia. As the smartphone technology has brought about a revolution, many companies have entered into the market with this innovative idea of ride sharing. Booking of cabs and shared rides through apps has become extremely popular among the people. Popularity of the companies, such as, Uber, Lyft, DiDi Kuaidi, Taxify, GoCatch, hi oscar etc. have increased multiple times and Ola is the new company that has announced to enter into the Australian market in 2018 (Chung, 2018). With time, the competition is increasing. All these companies provides the benefits like, all time availability at different locations, convenient booking system, rating system for the drivers, cheaper than private cabs, promotional offers and discounts, and integrated payment system. A report by Deloitte shows the market statistics of Uber. Since 2015, more than 14.5 billion rides have been introduced in Australia on a yearly basis (Deloitte Australia, 2018). There are two major benefits of this service. Firstly, the point to point transport is easier for pick up and drop service and makes it convenient for the customers to avail the service at any point and at any time. Secondly, price difference is a major USP of the rival companies, which helps them to capture a larger market (Lieu, 2017). However, it can be said that all these companies are operating in the market with fulltime drivers. The business idea for Lets Go Share is different than these companies in terms of nature of drivers, price, and availability. There is no other company in the market that has encouraged the office goers to share their own cars with strangers, sharing the same route, at a minimal price. The service of Lets Go Share will not be available all time. It will be a specific service a vailable only during the office hours, 5 days a week. Project plan The aim of the project is to provide the opportunity of sharing the ride with a mutual benefit for both the car owner and the fellow office goers who travel in the same route by public transport. The objective of the plan is to provide comfort to the people who avail the public transport during the peak office hours and also helping the car owners who travel alone to earn some extra money by offering the unfilled seats to the people travelling in the same route. It will also help in achieving sustainability in the long run by not raising the level of carbon emission by increasing the number of cars on road. The project would keep the price low as a differential point with the other services. During peak hours, the ride sharing services hike the charges and earn extra money. Lets Go Share will charge the passengers a price as low as $5 a ride, similar to the public transport and will pay the car owner a sustainable amount. This service would only be available for 5 days a week during the office time of the car owners. Thus, flexibility, cheaper price would benefit both the car owners and the passengers and also the environment with a cost of unavailability of the service during the weekends and lean office hours. It is expected that this service would help the office goers during the peak time by travelling comfortably with a cost similar to that of the public transport. References Chung, F. (2018).We are very excited about launching Ola in Australia.NewsComAu. Retrieved 6 February 2018, from https://www.news.com.au/finance/business/travel/indian-ridesharing-giant-ola-coming-to-australia/news-story/cbcd171515aa05f86e83e9f2af50add7 Deloitte Australia. (2016).Economic effects of ridesharing in Australia | Deloitte Australia | Deloitte Access Economics report, Uber, uberX.Deloitte Australia. Retrieved 6 February 2018, from https://www2.deloitte.com/au/en/pages/economics/articles/economic-effects-ridesharing-australia-uber.html gocatch.com. (2018).GoCatch.GoCatch. Retrieved 6 February 2018, from https://www.gocatch.com/ Lieu, J. (2017).Taxify launches in another country to challenge Uber's ride-sharing dominance.Mashable. Retrieved 6 February 2018, from https://mashable.com/2017/12/11/taxify-launch-australia-uber/#jM9PobULSsqz roymorgan.com. (2017).Uber soars and well-placed to tackle rising competition.Roy Morgan. management 6 February 2018, from https://www.roymorgan.com/findings/7444-uber-growth-last-two-years-2015-2017-september-2017-201712150309

How to Write a Reflective Essay

How to Write a Reflective EssayAll the writing books in the world will not help you on how to write a reflective essay if you are a student. As an undergraduate or graduate student, you should know that when you are asked to write a reflective essay, it is expected that you write about an idea that is embedded within your own personal experience. As a student, you cannot go beyond the reality and individuality of your experience. Thus, the information that you provide is relevant to the topic at hand.It is critical to consider the sources of the information that you provide. If you are referencing information from other people or things that were written by others, make sure that the information that you present is relevant to the topic. For example, if the information was taken from a book or article about writing a reflective essay, it does not mean that it is applicable to your own situation.As a student who wants to learn how to write a reflective essay, it is also important to r ead the examples of other essays that you have read. This way, you can determine the style and writing style that you would like to incorporate into your own essay. A sample gives you a glimpse into what you should be incorporating into your own essay. If you take a look at examples of other reflective essays, you will gain inspiration and make sure that you do not make any mistakes.It is crucial to remember that your final draft of your reflective essay should not only reflect your own personal thoughts, but also those of the reader. Your essay should give the reader a reason to continue reading. In other words, you should provide your readers with a conclusion and show how you have helped them to come to that conclusion. The reflection of your essay can only be a good thing.How to write a reflective essay can be difficult to some students. You need to be patient with yourself and see the importance of reflecting. Reflecting will help you increase your own personal confidence and t rust in yourself. Reflecting can also allow you to develop confidence in your own thought process and work. Your reflections can make you more marketable to your future employers.When it comes to how to write a reflective essay, you need to take your time. You should write each paragraph or sentence several times, until you are happy with the ending of your essay. Your final draft will be a reflection of your thoughts and feelings.When you are learning how to write a reflective essay, there are many sample essays available online. However, make sure that you are looking for reflective essays that have been written by real people. Also, look for samples that contain several examples. There are many different methods to writing a reflective essay, but you need to find a method that you are comfortable with. And as you will see, writing a reflective essay does not have to be difficult to learn.If you want to learn how to write a reflective essay, you need to take some time to research and seek out examples of other people's reflective essays. You should also take some time to reflect on the meaning of your own essay. Remember, that reflecting on your own essay can also help you reflect on the meaning of others' writings.

3 Cases of Insufficient Punctuation

3 Cases of Insufficient Punctuation 3 Cases of Insufficient Punctuation 3 Cases of Insufficient Punctuation By Mark Nichol Each of the following sentences is compromised by the lack of one or two punctuation marks, resulting in a potential for confusion among readers. Discussion following each example explains the flaw, and a revision demonstrates clearer sentence composition. 1. Move over millennials- this group is taking over the rental market. The imperative â€Å"move over,† followed by a word identifying who is to act according to the imperative to step aside, reads as if an unspecified audience is being told to change their location at a position above a certain demographic group. When a sentence begins with a directive and a modifier, separate the two sentence elements with a comma: â€Å"Move over, millennials- this group is taking over the rental market.† 2. This paper introduces a methodology based on industry-accepted frameworks that details all the steps firms need to take to conduct a comprehensive and compliant risk assessment. Here, the lack of agreement between frameworks and details signals that the verb does not apply to the noun, but their proximity still introduces a signal-to-noise obstacle, which would be amplified if the noun and verb did agree. To clarify that details pertains to methodology, not frameworks, bracket the modifying phrase â€Å"based on industry-accepted frameworks† with commas: â€Å"This paper introduces a methodology, based on industry-accepted frameworks, that details all the steps firms need to take to conduct a comprehensive and compliant risk assessment.† 3. Distribution and routes to market can be helped by implementing an automated digital portal although this is a bit more complex since it can have an impact on commission. This breathlessly barreling sentence benefits from a couple of inserted commas to signal nested subordinate clauses- the phrase beginning with since is subordinate to the one beginning with although, which in turn is subordinate to the main clause: â€Å"Distribution and routes to market can be helped by implementing an automated digital portal, although this is a bit more complex, since it can have an impact on commission.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Punctuation category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Types of RhymeOne Sheep, Two Sheep, One Fish, Two Fish . . .Woof or Weft?

The Cask or Amontillado VS. The Black Cat Essays

The Cask or Amontillado VS. The Black Cat Essays The Cask or Amontillado VS. The Black Cat Paper The Cask or Amontillado VS. The Black Cat Paper Essay Topic: The Black Cat When used efficiently, the characterization and voice of a story can prevent the reader from condemning a characters actions. In horror novels, readers enjoy reading about plots that contain horrific bloody details on the deaths of innocent victims. Usually, the thought of death is painful for most humans but when we are engaged in a book we overlook the victims agony, instead we feed off of it to make ourselves feel complete and jubilant. We also make ourselves believe that the villains always have a motive to kill or harm others. This motive is our sanctuary. We are so sadistic and malevolent that we think that any motive to kill is acceptable, and this allows us to imagine ourselves as the killer. The characterization of characters and how the story is told can also make us believe that the killer is not truly the villain because we are told to think that the victim caused their own death. In The Cask of Amontillado Poe uses characterization and voice to prevent the reader from condemning Montressors actions. This is shown when Montressor immediately admits to the reader that he is going to commit a crime, Montressor also tells us exactly how he kills Fortunato, and Fortunato is characterized as a very proud person. In The Cask of Amontillado Montressor immediately admits to the reader that he will kill Fortunato, because Fortunato insulted him, from this we realize that there is an external conflict between the two men. Montressor tells the reader that The thousand injuries of Fortunato I had borne as best I could; but when he ventured upon insult I vowed revenge (Poe, 1). This means that Montressor is sick of Fortunato, and wants revenge because Fortunato goaded him. Montressors motive for killing Fortunato was because he was insulted by him. The voice of the story makes the reader forgive Montressor for wanting to kill a person because he had a motive for doing so. In addition, Montressor also states that he wants to punish Fortunato. Montressor makes this very clearly when he says I must not only punish, but punish with impunity. A wrong is unredressed when retribution overtakes its redresser (Poe, 1). Montressor wants to punish Fortunato without having to be punished himself, because he thinks that would be superfluous. This is how Montressor is going to kill Fortunato. He is going to kill him very mysteriously, so no one can assume that he was the one that committed the murder. Finally, Montressor admits to the reader that he will commit a crime, which he will not be accused of committing, because Montressor admits that he will commit a crime due to a motive the reader slightly forgives him and wonders how the conflict between Fortunato and Montressor will end. Edgar Allan Poe uses the voice of Montressor as first person to narrate The Cask of Amontillado, Montressor just so happens to be the murderer. First person narratives make us think that what is being said should be reliable, because they are telling us exactly what they have encountered. Throughout the story Montressor tells us exactly how he kills Fortunato, though his eyes. This makes us feel less sympathetic about Fortunatos death because we are seeing it though the eyes of the killer. This causes us to feel as though we are the ones killing Fortunato. In other words, since we are sadistic creatures from birth, we over look the fact that we are witnessing a crime punishable by death, instead we are encouraging Montressor to continue his deed to see how Fortunato will die. Montressor begins his deed by luring Fortunato into a catacomb where he has asked Fortunato to test some amontillado. The two men continue until Fortunato coughs heavily. This causes Montressor to say we will go back; your health is precious (Poe, 2). Montressor tries to persuade Fortunato that he is sick and that he should return home, but Fortunato refuses to. This question is asked a number of times throughout The Cask of Amontillado and every time it is asked the sadistic reader hopes that Fortunato will not turn back, so we can see how he dies. Montressor and Fortunato continue into the catacombs until they reach a niche where Fortunato is forced into while Montressor begins to vigorously wall up the entrance of the niche (Poe, 4). The stacking of the bricks to build a wall is seen though Montressors eyes, so the reader feels as if they are Montressor and they are the ones building the wall. This prevents the reader from feeling any sorrow for Fortunato because we are sadistic creatures that enjoy causing pain and lamentation. Lastly, the use of first person narrative allows the reader to connect to the narrator and forget about the suffering of another persons death, because they feel as though they are Montressor committing the crime. In general, when we are reading about inflicting pain on someone we do not think about the person dying, instead we think about the person that is killing. In The Cask of Amontillado Fortunato is characterized as a foolish arrogant drunkard that caused his own death. Fortunato is given many opportunities to turn back, but he continues on into the catacombs. When Montressor gives Fortunato the chance to return home he always concludes it with besides there is Luchesi- (Poe, 2). The idea of another person testing the wine is a terrible thought for Fortunato because he is very proud of his connoisseurship for fine wine, and wants to prove to Montressor that his taste for wine is far greater than that of Luchesis. This is how Fortunato brought his death upon himself, because he could not help but prove to Montressor that he has a greater taste for wine than Luchesi. Following this further, Fortunato is a foolish man that actually believes that Montressor wants him to test some Amontillado. Even when Montressor is sealing up the niche, which basically means that Fortunato is going to die, Fortunato is absurd enough to think that is it all a joke and laughs about it Ha! ha! ha! he! he! he! a very good joke indeed- an excellent jest (Poe, 5). When Fortunato says this, he still does not understand that he is going to die by the hands of Montressor. He is a fool to think that what is happening to him is all a joke. It is quite obvious that the Amontillado is a fallacy, and that being chained to a wall inside of a niche is a portent of a dolorous death. Fortunato should have realized that entering the catacombs would bring him to his death, but instead he follows Montressor though the catacombs, not expecting anything along the way. Fortunato is a gullible fool to think that Montressor is doing all of this just for some laughs and that he will actually let Fortunato test some Amontillado. When in reality Montressor is planning to kill him. Therefore, Fortunatos arrogance and foolishness cost him his life. In conclusion, Montressor is a remorseless killer, but the use of characterization and voice prevents the reader from thinking that Montressor is the villain. Poe begins The Cask of Amontillado by stating that Montressor will commit a crime due to a motive, this allows the reader to immediately want to forgive Montressor because he admits that he will do wrong. Poe also leads us into the malevolent mind of Montressor by telling the story in first person and shows us step by step how the death of Fortunato occurs through the eyes of Montressor. Poe characterizes the victim as an arrogant foolish drunkard, so the reader does not necessarily see him as innocent or feel bad about his death. Therefore, the use of characterization and voice can dramatically change a persons perspective on death and killing. I leave you with one question: Are we not as cruel and sadistic as the texts we read?

How Parthian Kingship Evolved and Developed Essay

How Parthian Kingship Evolved and Developed - Essay Example The essay "How Parthian Kingship Evolved and Developed" talks about the royal image of the Parthian kings the study of which has been aided through the study of the coins of the earlier Arsacids in the mid-second century BCE. When it comes to royal identity display, Mithradates used various ways to legitimize their rule through certain identity projection. Dynastic legitimization enabled him to get attached to the former rulers in the Arsacid line. With this regard, Mithridates managed to show that he was rational next in line. Through idolizing his father and not Arsaces I, he was guaranteed of a godly ancestor. Through his usage of the Arsacid name, he managed to position himself in the line of the Parthian empire development. As a result, it gave Mithradates a firm identity as a Parthian, whereas allowing other communication means and culture open. It is viewed that the obverse faced similar way as obverses of the Seleucid faced. The diadem in various cultures had a meaning was adopted by Mithradates connected him with distanced him from the population of the Greek. The symbol of the beard was a vow for victory among the Parthian culture. Parthian coinage transformed from the traditional shape to something meaningful for Seleucid coinage and use of other cultural symbols to appeal to a greater audience. For this to work, certain conditions had to be fulfilled. The cultural elements had to be known by the targeted people and that the occupants of the empire were required to associate with their ruler.

ESPANOL PARA NEGOCIOS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

ESPANOL PARA NEGOCIOS - Essay Example El Acuerdo General sobre Aranceles y Comercio fue creado con el objetivo de eliminar barreras que afecten el comercio. El nà ºmero de paà ­ses fue crecido hasta llegar a noventa y seis. Muchos paà ­ses de las Amà ©ricas fueron miembros. Este tratado terminà ³ y empezà ³ en su lugar la Organizacià ³n Mundial de Comercio (OMC) en 1995. Han sido otros tratados entre los paà ­ses de Amà ©rica Latina. El Mercado Comà ºn del Sur (MERCOSUR) fue creado en 1991 entre Argentina, Brasil, Uruguay y Paraguay. El tratado de Asuncià ³n tiene por objetivo promover el movimiento de bienes, personas y capital. A partir del 4 de julio de 2006 Venezuela se alià ³ con los otros paà ­ses. Ya Bolivia, Chile, Perà º, Colombia y Ecuador son estados miembros asociados. El Mercado Comà ºn del Sur ha causado muchos beneficios a los paà ­ses participantes. Desde 1990 se aumenta mucho el comercio de los paà ­ses. Tienen la oportunidad de producir la diversificacià ³n en los productos y las relaciones comerciales. En aà ±os pasados cuando, por ejemplo, Brasil tenà ­a relaciones comerciales con la Unià ³n Europea no tenà ­a la obligacià ³n de importar bienes y servicios con los paà ­ses sudamericanos. Aparte de las razones economà ­as el mercado tambià ©n tiene beneficios sociales. Permite la integracià ³n de expresiones artà ­sticas y comparten actividades culturales e histà ³ricas. Uno de los desafà ­os del Mercado Comà ºn del Sur es el nivel de los avances en el à ¡rea cientà ­fico y tecnolà ³gico. Tambià ©n el sistema de productividad es diferente en cada paà ­s como los servicios y la infraestructura. Se presenta una fluctuacià ³n entre las industrias diferentes. No hay mucha seguridad entre las zonas fronterizas. Los paà ­ses tienen que tomar medidas para reducir la ocurrencia de contrabandos. La Comunidad Andina de Naciones (CAN) estaba formada por Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Perà º y Venezuela en 1997. Este acuerdo se inicià ³ cuando se firmà ³ el Pacto Andino en 1969.